2012年托福考试词汇精选单词题介绍(1)

　　留学360专家为大家整理的2012年托福词汇题精选单词题。

　　001. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women‘s right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary women.

　　The word “representative” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) typical

　　(B) satisfied

　　(C) supportive

　　(D) distinctive

　　002. In the United States, Louis Comfort Tiffany (1843-1933) was the most noted exponent of this style, producing a great variety of glass forms and surfaces, which were widely copied in their time and are highly prized today.

　　The word “prized” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) valued

　　(B) universal

　　(C) uncommon

　　(D) preserved

　　003. The Art Nouveau style was a major force in the decorative arts from 1895 until 1915, although its influence continued throughout the mid-1920’s. It was eventually to be overtaken by a new school of thought known as Functionalism that had been present since the turn of the century.

　　The word “overtaken” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) surpassed

　　(B) inclined

　　(C) expressed

　　(D) applied

　　004. During most of their lives, surge glaciers behave like normal glaciers, traveling perhaps only a couple of inches per day. However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual.

　　The word “intervals” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) records

　　(B) speeds

　　(C) distances

　　(D) periods

　　005. The increasing water pressure under the glacier might lift it off its bed, overcoming the，friction between ice and rock, thus freeing the glacier, which rapidly sliders downhill. Surge glaciers also might be influenced by the climate, volcanic heat, or earthquakes.

　　The word “freeing” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) pushing

　　(B) releasing

　　(C) strengthening

　　(D) draining

　　006. A flood of ice would then surge into the Southern Sea. With the continued rise in sea level, more ice would plunge into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise even higher, which in turn would release more ice and set in motion a vicious cycle.

　　The word “plunge” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) drop

　　(B) extend

　　(C) melt

　　(D) drift

　　007. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done.” Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group‘s members.

　　The word “collective” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) necessary

　　(B) typical

　　(C) group

　　(D) particular

　　008. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a serious moment with humor, and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group.

　　The word “resolve” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) avoid repeating

　　(B) talk about

　　(C) avoid thinking about

　　(D) find a solution for

　　009. Thousands of tons were extracted before 1875, when it was first noticed that the tar contained fossil remains. Major excavations were undertaken that established the significance of this remarkable site.

　　The word “noticed” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) predicted

　　(B) announced

　　(C) corrected

　　(D) observed

　　010. Since then, over 100 tons of fossils, 1.5 million from vertebrates, 2.5 million from invertebrates, have been recovered, often in densely concentrated tangled masses.

　　The word “tangled” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) buried beneath

　　(B) twisted together

　　(C) quickly formed

　　(D) easily dated

　　011. The asphalt at La Brea seeps to the surface, especially in the summer, and forms shallow puddles that would often have been concealed by leaves and dust.

　　The word “concealed” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) highlighted

　　(B) covered

　　(C) transformed

　　(D) contaminated

　　012. The ocean bottom --- a region nearly 2. 5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth --- is a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted, until about a century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible, hidden beneath waters averaging over 3,600 meters deep.

　　The word “inaccessible” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) unrecognizable

　　(B) unreachable

　　(C) unusable

　　(D) unsafe

　　013. The DSDP’s drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean‘s surface and drill in very deep waters, extracting samples of sediments and rock from the ocean floor.

　　The word “extracting” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) breaking

　　(B) locating

　　(C) removing

　　(D) analyzing

　　014. Today, largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger’s voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift that explain many of the geological processes that shape the Earth.

　　The word “strength” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) basis

　　(B) purpose

　　(C) discovery

　　(D) endurance

　　015. For every three Canadians in 1945, there were over five in 1966. In September 1966 Canada‘s population passed the 20 million mark. Most of this surging growth came from natural increase.

　　The word “surging” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) new

　　(B) extra

　　(C) accelerating

　　(D) surprising

　　016. When the prairies were being settled, undoubtedly, the good economic conditions of the 1950’s supported a growth in the population, but the expansion also derived from a trend toward earlier marriages and an increase in the average size of families.

　　The word “trend” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) tendency

　　(B) aim

　　(C) growth

　　(D) directive

　　017. After the peak year of 1957, the birth rate in Canada began to decline. It continued falling until in 1966, it stood at the lowest level in 25 years.

　　The word “peak” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) pointed

　　(B) dismal

　　(C) mountain

　　(D) maximum

　　018. Although the growth in Canada‘s population had slowed down by 1966 (the increase the first half of the 1960’s was only nine percent) , another large population wave was coming over the horizon. It would be composed of the children who were born during the period of the high birth rate prior to 1957.

　　The phrase “prior to” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) behind

　　(B) since

　　(C) during

　　(D) preceding

　　019. Advocates of organic foods --- a term whose meaning varies greatly --- frequently proclaim that such products are safer and more nutritious than others.

　　The word “Advocates” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) Proponents

　　(B) Merchants

　　(C) Inspectors

　　(D) Consumers

　　020. There are numerous unsubstantiated reports that natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones, that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs, that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains, and the like.

　　The word “unsubstantiated” is closest in meaning to which of following?

　　(A) unbelievable

　　(B) uncontested

　　(C) unpopular

　　(D) unverified