英语句子的理解很多时候是要去理解其逻辑关系的,在托福阅读考试中也是如此,在托福阅读文章中常见的逻辑关系有并列,比较,因果,递进,转折等等。如果你想在托福阅读中得高分,那么下面这些逻辑关系词你不得不掌握!
1、因果(明显)
表示明显因果关系的词汇:
Therefore, due to, as, for, thus, hence, consequently, because (of), owing to, so (that), as a result, since…
2、因果(暗含)
2.1表示“由……而来”的词
Come from, result from, initiate from, derive from, originate from…
2.2表示“导致”的词
Spark, prompt, be responsible to, stimulate, cause, make, render, spur, push, motivate,lead to, result in +结果, due to, thanks to,
2.3 其他
in that , now that, in order that, on account of
3、转折与并列
3.1表示转折关系
In contrast (to), while, whereas,nevertheless, in spite of/despite, even if/even though, instead (of), but/yet, conversely, on the contrary, contrary to,different from/differ from, however, rather than, unlike, in fact, actually弱转
3.2表示并列关系
Or/and, vice versa, also/as well as, both…and…, either...or..., neither…nor…, in (the) the same way, equally, similarly/similar to, like/just like, likewise(同样的), while(与此同时), meanwhile(同时), not only...but also... , more...than
4、让步
although,though, even though(if), even, despite, in spite of, nevertheless, anyway, as while(虽然,尽管,即使),still(尽管如此)
5、总分(举例&总结)
5.1举例:for example, for instance,such as, including
5.2总结:in sum, in general, overall, to sum up, on the whole, generally
6、递进
still, also, indeed, furthermore(进一步), moreover(而且,此外), even(甚至,更),besides, additionally, in addition, what‘s more
7、条件
表示条件概念的词:
If, supposing (that), providing / provided (that), as(so) long as, in case(if), on condition that…, unless, suppose (that), only if, when
8、比较结构(隐藏)
8.1比较级表示最高级
8.2自身含有最高级含义的词
Top, favorite, outstanding, maximum…
9、否定
9.1明显的否定关系词汇:No, not, never, deny, none, neither…
9.2暗含的否定关系词汇:little, few, fail to, absence from, lack (of), refuse to…
以上内容就是留学360为考生精心整理的九大类托福阅读逻辑关系词,希望考生能认真了解,掌握这些逻辑词可以帮助考生更好的理清整篇文章的脉络,去完成例如句子简化,插入句子这类题型。最后,预祝考生在接下来托福考试中有出色的发挥。