新托福听力商业场景话题分析

　　新托福听力考试中的商业场景话题虽然所占比重不大，但是却不能忽略，因为高中生或大部分大学生对这一话题不够熟悉，一旦出现，杀伤力会比较大，所以，下面留学360就给考生详细分析下新托福听力商业场景话题的备考要点，供考生参考。

　　一、概述

　　商业类场景往往和其他分支学科产生联系。具体可以从以下几个方面来考察：

　　某个商业术语的介绍 例如历史上的经济政策(如放任主义)，以及某个商业概念(如边际效益)等。

　　某种市场现象 例如互联网泡沫，郁金香热等。

　　商业案例分析 例如某个公司的营销情况介绍，兴衰原因等。

　　其他话题 商业容易和其他学科产生交叉，如历史，文化和政治等。

　　商业类的听力话题一般来说是考察考生短时间内的理解能力。虽然可能会出现比较难的术语，但不考察专业知识。有背景知识固然好，但不会因没有背景知识而做不出题目，所以考生们大可放心。但建议考生平时多关注时事，以及浏览如Economist之类的杂志，拓宽知识面。

　　二、案例分析

　　下面是一个人文学的经典案例：

　　TPO 6 Lecture 1 (Boom and Bust)

　　听力原文：

　　1)… Of course, booms aren’t always followed by busts. We’ve certainly seen times when local economies expanded rapidly for a while and then went back to a normal pace of growth. But, there’s a type of rapid expansion, what might be called the hysterical or irrational boom that pretty much always leads to a bust. See, people often create and intensify a boom when they get carried away by some new industry that seems like it will make them lots of money fast. You’d think that by the 90s, people would have learned from the past. If they did, well, look at tulips.

　　Q: What is the main purpose of the talk？

　　A. to show what happens after an economy has experienced a boom-and-bust cycle

　　B. to illustrate the conditions needed to produce a boom-and-bust cycle

　　C. to demonstrate how boom-and-bust cycles have changed over time

　　D. to explain why the boom-and-bust cycle is not a frequent historical occurrence

　　分析：

　　在前几讲中我们提到过，大部分lecture的主旨都位于开头前几句话。而在这里，我们发现，文章中好像没有一句和文章选项是相对应的。这就需要我们根据上下文的内容进行总结。在此我们可以看这几个下划线句子，“繁荣之后不一定跟随的是衰败，而这种非理性的，不正常的经济繁荣之后，难免就是衰败了”。我们不禁思考：这种非理性的扩张到底是什么样子的呢？或者说，有哪些因素导致了这种扩张，从而导致经济泡沫呢？因此总结看来，B项是最合适的。

　　2) … It turns out that the Netherlands was an ideal country for growing tulips. It had the right kind of sandy soil for one thing, but also, ⑴ it was a wealthy nation with a growing economy, willing to spend lots of money on new exotic things. Plus, the Dutch had a history of gardening. ⑵ Wealthy people would compete, spending enormous amounts of money to buy the rarest flowers for their gardens. What happened then was a craze for these specialized tulips. We called that craze ‘tulip-mania’. So, here we’ve got all the conditions for an irrational boom: ⑶ a prospering economy, so more people had more disposable income - money to spend on luxuries, but they weren’t experienced at investing their new wealth. Then along comes a thrilling new commodity. Sure the first specimens were just plain ordinary tulips, but they could be bred into some extraordinary variations, like that dark purple tulip. And finally, ⑷ you have an unregulated marketplace, no government constraints, where price could explode.

　　Q: What were some of the factors that contributed to the tulip craze in the Netherlands in the seventeenth century？ Click on three choices.

　　① wealthy gardeners liked to complete for rare plants

　　② the number of people with disposable income was growing

　　③ tulip bulbs were initially cheap and easy to obtain

　　④ tulips in the wild bloomed in unusual color combination

　　⑤ the tulip market was not regulated by the government

　　分析：

　　节选内容原文很长，这里只选取了和考点有关的信息。本题是一个细节题，五选三，这在lecture中比较少见(一般来说是四选二)。加粗字体提醒大家要注意表示分类，列举和次序的路标词。细节题考察大家笔记记录的条理性，所以听到speaker有列举情况，要素，种类的意图时要马上记笔记。在此，⑵句对应的是选项一，⑴ ⑶句对应的是选项二，考点追踪

　　通过郁金香热这个例子，我们可以看出众多商业类的听力话题具有以下特点：

　　结合段首甚至全文总结主旨

　　顺序和列举路标词 考察小细节。

　　逻辑性强 要求考生把握全文主线，根据主题推断相关细节等内容。

　　以上内容给考生分析了新托福听力商业场景话题，希望对考生有帮助，留学360建议考生适当关注一下商业方面的听力段子，培养细节思维和逻辑思维。虽说新托福lecture的听力段子话题多样，但本质不变，多少会有差异性。平时备考多一分准备，考试就会多一份胜算。